In 1743, a Perekopian resident, Janissary Kapas, attacked the Cossack salt merchant Nikita Zhenaty and wounded him with a knife. Janissary Kapas pleaded guilty and pledged to pay 50 rubles for the treatment of the Cossack. The payment has not been made. In exchange, the Cossacks kept two horses of the Crimean Tatars.
In August 1745, the Janissary Karakulle hired the Cossack Yakov in Kamenka of Irakliivskiy kurin to transport the sheep to Perekop. Cossack Yakov stole two horses and a saddle and fled.
In 1751 the Perekopian Janissary Mehmed Yuratli during Ramadan, stayed at the house of Cossack Mikhail in Shcherbinovsky kuren (Zaporozhian Sich) with his own four horses. The horses were stolen. The Janissary asked former Kosh Ekim Ignatovich for compensation. Compensation was not given.
Receipt of Janissary Halil beşe (resident of Perekop), to Kosh Us Marko Kondratovich that he received the prisoner shepherd Isliam Mustafa Ertaman from Bakhchysarai for his transportation and delivery to the kaymakan of Perekop Sale ağa. The shepherd was imprisoned in the Zaporozhian Sich for killing Cossack Gavriil Shiroky.
Receipt of Janissary Halil beşe (resident of Perekop), to Kosh Us Marko Kondratovich that he received the prisoner shepherd Isliam Mustafa Ertaman from Bakhchysarai for his transportation and delivery to the kaymakan of Perekop Sale ağa. The shepherd was imprisoned in the Zaporozhian Sich for killing Cossack Gavriil Shiroky.
The verdict ("hudzhet") of the Ochakov court in the case concerning the illegal execution of Ostap Kachynskiy, a Cossack of the Shcherbynovsky Kuren, ruled on the transfer of his property to his brother, Matviy (also known as Yakov). A group of ten Yamaks were accused of being the murderers of Ostap.
The verdict ("hudzhet") of the Ochakov court in the case concerning the illegal execution of Ostap Kachynskiy, a Cossack of the Shcherbynovsky Kuren, ruled on the transfer of his property to his brother, Matviy (also known as Yakov). A group of ten Yamaks were accused of being the murderers of Ostap.
A Janissary named Osman Beşe hired a Cossack named Shpilka as a guard during his journey to the Zaporozhian Sich on his own ship, which was loaded with goods. During namaz, Shpilka attempted to kill Osman but failed after a fight, eventually escaping. Later, Osman hired another Cossack as a guard, but during the night, Shpilka returned with forty-seven more Cossacks, stole all the goods, and injured Osman. The Kosh responded that, despite a thorough investigation, they were unable to locate Shpilka and advised Osman to hire only Cossacks with passports in the future.
The Cossack Vasiliy Romanovskiy and his partner Cossack Yakov Sinenko traveled to Crimea for trade on five cargo carts. In Kamianoy backwater, ten Janissaries attacked them. Between the Janissaries were two famous Ali and Hasan. The Janissaries forced them to sell five carts loaded with butter for half the price the Cossacks refused. The Janissaries beat the Cossack Sinenko half to death and threatened the Cossack Romanovskiy with beatings upon his arrival in the Crimea. When Romanovskiy arrived in Perekop, he was beaten by janissary Benderniy at the urging of janissaries Ali and Hasan.
The Cossack Vasiliy Romanovskiy and his partner Cossack Yakov Sinenko traveled to Crimea for trade on five cargo carts. In Kamianoy backwater, ten Janissaries attacked them. Between the Janissaries were two famous Ali and Hasan. The Janissaries forced them to sell five carts loaded with butter for half the price the Cossacks refused. The Janissaries beat the Cossack Sinenko half to death and threatened the Cossack Romanovskiy with beatings upon his arrival in the Crimea. When Romanovskiy arrived in Perekop, he was beaten by janissary Benderniy at the urging of janissaries Ali and Hasan..
In the city of Qarasuv Başı, the Janissary Pehlivan attacked the merchants from Putyvl, Andriy Andreyevich and Mikhail Makarevich, the merchants managed to escape.
In the city of Qarasuv Başı, the Janissary Pehlivan attacked the merchants from Putyvl, Andriy Andreyevich and Mikhail Makarevich, the merchants managed to escape.
On May 19, 1759, the Cossack Trohim Chumak declared to the military office that last year he had traveled to the Crimea with the janissary Ostap, a resident of Perekop. They traveled in two dubs (feluccas) loaded with a cargo of grain that the janissary had bought in the Zaporozhian Sich. The cargo included 30 chetvert (1 chetvert = 2,099 kg) of rye flour, 15 barrels of millet, and 22 barrels of wheat flour.
Mahmud Odabaşı and Yakay Hacı of Perekop purchased sheep in Ukraine and transported them to Crimea. At the Nikitino (Nikopol) customs point, they hired a Cossack named Vasiliy as a guide. Although the Cossacks vouched for his trustworthiness, Vasiliy killed Mahmud Odabaşı.
İsmail Beşe, Kara Mehmed, and Mustafa from Perekop reported that during their stay at the house of Cossack Ermak in the Zaporozhian Sich, Cossacks stole five horses from them.
Mahmud Paşa of Ochakov sent Mehmed Bölükbaşı and Mehmed Beşe with a letter (petition) to Ataman Vasil Grigorovich of the Sich. In the letter, he requested an investigation into the theft of twelve horses from Halim Beşe by the Cossacks.
Mehmed Gezekoğlu Beşe, a resident of Ochakov, invited Cossacks Gritsko Bordak and Vasiliy Malyi to his house. He plied them with wine and vodka until they fell asleep. Afterward, Mehmed Beşe went to the former Mehmed Paşa of Ochakov and sold the Cossacks to him for 60 thalers. Mehmed Paşa then ordered that the Cossacks be transported by boat to Hocabey to be sold to Mandanoğlu Paşa for 120 thalers. Mandanoğlu Paşa was in charge of the slave trade.
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He was forcibly sold into slavery, likely against his will. It is possible that the Janissaries of Ochakov, including the former Paşa of Ochakov, were involved in establishing a slave trade network.
Mehmed Gezekoğlu Beşe, a resident of Ochakov, invited Cossacks Gritsko Bordak and Vasiliy Malyi to his house. He plied them with wine and vodka until they fell asleep. Afterward, Mehmed Beşe went to the former Mehmed Paşa of Ochakov and sold the Cossacks to him for 60 thalers. Mehmed Paşa then ordered that the Cossacks be transported by boat to Hocabey to be sold to Mandanoğlu Paşa for 120 thalers. Mandanoğlu Paşa was in charge of the slave trade.
He was forcibly sold into slavery, likely against his will. It is possible that the Janissaries of Ochakov, including the former Paşa of Ochakov, were involved in establishing a slave trade network.
Interpreter Alexei Boshniak secretly reported that interpreter Mehmed Bostancı, who had traveled to the Governor-General of Kyiv from Ochakov, was accompanied by his wife, who had been baptized.
Cossack Grigoriy Dovbysh crossed the borders of the Dnieper river to collect salt from the salt lakes, but was attacked by Tatars and the janissaries Osman Beşe and Ali Beşe.
Zaporozhian Kosh sends two Cossacks, Yakov Voskoboynik and Ivan Baturinskiy, to Ochakov to buy horses. They started their journey in January; because of much snow, they stopped for a night in the house of Mehmed bölükbaşı of Ochakov, who knew the Russian language. He informed them that the new Sultan had sent a new ambassador to Russia. When they arrived in Ochakov, they met other Cossacks and Greek merchants.
Zaporozhian Kosh sends two Cossacks, Yakov Voskoboynik and Ivan Baturinskiy, to Ochakov to buy horses. They started their journey in January; because of much snow, they stopped for a night in the house of Mehmed bölükbaşı of Ochakov, who knew the Russian language. He informed them that the new Sultan had sent a new ambassador to Russia. When they arrived in Ochakov, they met other Cossacks and Greek merchants.
The Cossack Alexei Statsenko stated that his father, Fedor Statsenko, traveled to Perekop for trade. Fedor entrusted his merchandise to an unknown janissary, who never paid him. Fedor later left Perekop and subsequently died. Alexei Statsenko is now claiming the money or merchandise from the Kaymakam of Perekop.
The Cossack Alexei Statsenko stated that his father, Fedor Statsenko, traveled to Perekop for trade. Fedor entrusted his merchandise to an unknown janissary, who never paid him. Fedor later left Perekop and subsequently died. Alexei Statsenko is now claiming the money or merchandise from the Kaymakam of Perekop.
Janissary Yusuf of Ochakov requests permission from Kosh Ataman Grigoriy of the Cossacks to graze his animals on Cossack lands. In his letter, Yusuf mentions that he will be accompanied by 14 Ottoman shepherds, likely indicating that he is the owner of the herd.
Janissary asked a permission to graze his animals on Cossack lands, as he should.
In 1748 Ivan Gorba and young guard Panas Gorbenko (servants of colonel Andrey Gorbenko, from Poltava) traveled to Bağçasaray to sell a herd of sheep of colonel Gorbenko. On their way back, they stopped in Perekop. During night two janissaries came and beat half to death Panas Gorbenko and stole four oxen. Tatar Kadir from Bağçasaray was a witness.
In 1748 Ivan Gorba and young guard Panas Gorbenko (servants of colonel Andrey Gorbenko, from Poltava) traveled to Bağçasaray to sell a herd of sheep of colonel Gorbenko. On their way back, they stopped in Perekop. During night two janissaries came and beat half to death Panas Gorbenko and stole four oxen. Tatar Kadir from Bağçasaray was a witness.
Cossack Fedor Kanevskiy traveled to Caffa for trade. On his way back, he stopped in Perekop. In Perekop, he exchanges his horse prized 30 roubles with another one and paid 17 roubles more. Kadi of Perekop disagreed with this deal and took the horse by force. Kadi gave the horse to a janissary of Perekop. The Janissary paid for a horse to Cossack with a saber valued at 17 roubles and cash 3 roubles. The Cossack claimed a loss of 27 roubles.
Cossack Voloshin crossed the Dnieper River in search of work and was hired by Janissary Halil Ağa of Ochakov. Halil Ağa had purchased sheep on the Zaporozhian side and employed Voloshin as a shepherd to drive the herd to Ochakov. Halil Ağa mistreated Voloshin, beating him and depriving him of food. After receiving no payment for his services, the Cossack fled Ochakov, taking a horse and a janissary saber with him.
A group of 20 Janissary merchants traveled to the Zaporozhian Sich for trade. They stopped by the Belozerka River to graze their horses. Six of them went to Kamiane Point to buy food, where they became drunk. Two of them, Kara Mehmed and Mustafa, attacked, killed, and robbed a merchant Cossack named Fedor, who was traveling with a cargo of salt. Among the group of four involved in the incident were Mehmed from the 69th Cemaat, Apti from the 19th Cemaat, Said Mehmet from the 91st Cemaat, and Aslan. The case became known, and Kara Mehmed and Mustafa were imprisoned in the Zaporozhian Sich..
On 14 November 1755, Ukrainian merchants Vasil Pirog and Iosif Pivroretskiy, while traveling with five carts to Bahçesaray to buy wine, stopped in Perekop. There, Janissary Ali Hasan and Shagan Tolmach (a translator) purchased a cargo of cow butter and vodka worth 250 rubles from them. Later, while continuing their journey near the salt lakes of Perekop, the merchants were attacked and robbed by seven Tatars. Both merchants were injured by bow arrows, one of which was identified as belonging to Shagan Tolmach. The Ukrainian merchants filed a complaint with the Kaymakam of Perekop, and the incident was officially recorded in court.
On 14 November 1755, Ukrainian merchants Vasil Pirog and Iosif Pivroretskiy, while traveling with five carts to Bahçesaray to buy wine, stopped in Perekop. There, Janissary Ali Hasan and Shagan Tolmach (a translator) purchased a cargo of cow butter and vodka worth 250 rubles from them. Later, while continuing their journey near the salt lakes of Perekop, the merchants were attacked and robbed by seven Tatars. Both merchants were injured by bow arrows, one of which was identified as belonging to Shagan Tolmach. The Ukrainian merchants filed a complaint with the Kaymakam of Perekop, and the incident was officially recorded in court.
In 1748, the Janissary of Kefe, Baraktar, and the Janissary of Perekop, Resul, bought goods on credit from Cossacks Sidor Burlim and Kiril Nos for 143 rubles with a 50% interest..
In 1748, the Janissary of Kefe, Baraktar, and the Janissary of Perekop, Resul, bought goods on credit from Cossacks Sidor Burlim and Kiril Nos for 143 rubles with a 50% interest.
In 1749, Mahmud, the Pasha of Ochakov, informed the Kosh that a Greek merchant named Yanakii Mundzia had purchased merchandise worth 250 akçe from Mahmud, a Janissary of Ochakov, to sell in Zaporozhye. At that time, greek present in Zaporozhye testified that Mahmud owed 900 akçe and 10 par. Yanakii Mundzia disclosed that his agreement with the Janissary was made in 1743, stipulating that Mundzia would sell the goods provided by the Janissary outside the borders of the Khanate and that the profits would be divided equally between them. Over the two years following their agreement, the Janissary employed various tactics to avoid paying the full amounts owed to Mundzia. Frustrated by these ongoing deceptions, Mundzia decided to retain the 250 akçe as compensation for the unpaid sums. Additionally, he demanded the remaining 900 akçe owed to him.
In 1762, the Janissaries of Perekop, Chort-Hasan, and Emir-Salich, loaned 852 karbovenets at the customs point of Zaporozhian Sich to two merchants, Ignat and Oleksi, from Elisavetgrad.
Janissaries from Perekop loaned money to non-muslim merchant.
In 1762, the Janissaries of Perekop, Chort-Hasan, and Emir-Salich, loaned 852 karbovenets at the customs point of Zaporozhian Sich to two merchants, Ignat and Oleksi, from Elisavetgrad.
Janissaries from Perekop loaned money to non-muslim merchants.
On August 3, 1763, in Perekop, Cossack Andriy Trohymovskiy sold goods on credit to the Janissary Kara Kouloukoun Mourgat Beşe for 54 karbovenets and 60 kopika. The Janissary returned 38 karbovenets on time, but the rest remained in debt.
A credit transaction involving a non-Muslim and a Janissary in Perekop.
In 1774, a Janissary named Ahmed and his companion bought sheep in Zaporozhian Sich on a bill of exchange. Due to Ahmet's insolvency, the Ottoman court ordered that the sheep be transferred to other merchants with a 4-month deferral of payments.
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Ahmed
Permanent Residence/Professional Base : Özi, Appointment/Transfer/Temporary Mission : ,
In 1762, the Janissaries of Perekop, Chort-Hasan, and Emir-Salich, loaned 852 karbovenets at the customs point of Zaporozhian Sich to two merchants, Ignat and Oleksi, from Elisavetograd.
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Emir Salih
Permanent Residence/Professional Base : Or, Appointment/Transfer/Temporary Mission : ,
This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 849911)
